This study aims to improve the understanding and accurate interpretation of key concepts in statistical analysis, specifically endogeneity, exogeneity, heterogeneity, homogeneity, homoskedasticity, and heteroskedasticity in social science research. While these concepts are crucial for producing valid and reliable research findings, previous studies have identified widespread misinterpretation and misuse in social science research. This study addresses the research gap by providing a comprehensive overview of each concept, defining their meanings, and exploring their implications in statistical analysis. The study also identifies common misinterpretations and misconceptions scholars encounter when navigating these concepts. By unraveling the nuances and impact of these concepts, this study seeks to enhance the quality and credibility of social science research. The originality of this study lies in its comprehensive analysis and clarification of these critical concepts, serving as a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and practitioners in the social sciences.

Endogeneity

exogeneity

heterogeneity

heteroskedasticity

homogeneity

homoskedasticity

statistical analysis