Introduction : Pregnancy and childbirth are physiological phenomena experienced by women. Pregnant women undergoing vaginal birth tend to experience trauma in the birth canal, especially primigravida mothers. Perineal rupture occurs up to 9 in 10 primigravida who have a vaginal birth. Primigravida woman has a higher risk of having perineal rupture. For that reason, preventive efforts are needed to reduce the incidence and severity of perineal rupture during vaginal birth. One of the preventive methods which can be done at home by pregnant mothers is perineal massage. Perineal massage is a massage technique around perineal area to enhance perineal muscle elasticity. Therefore, we need the literature that analyze the impact of perineal massage on perineal rupture degree in primigravida mothers. Objective : This literature review aims to analyze the impact of perineal massage on perineal rupture degree in primigravida mothers. Method : A literature review was conducted through PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar databases, searching for studies related to perineal massage and perineal rupture, especially in primigravida mothers. Grey articles are also included as literature source to enhance the analysis. Result : According to the review, perineal massage enhanced the perineal muscle elasticity that it lowered the severity of perineal rupture, especially for primigravida mothers. Perineal massage which was done since 35 weeks of pregnancy until the delivery could reduce the risk of perineal rupture during vaginal birth. Most of the findings have shown that perineal rupture degree in primigravida mothers with perineal massage is lower than the ones without perineal massage. Conclusion : The review find a significant impact of perineal massage on perineal rupture degrees in primigravida mothers. Perineal rupture degrees in primigravida mothers who practiced perineal massage are lower than the ones who did not. Perineal massage as prenatal care was a feasible and effective intervention for reducing perineal trauma during vaginal birth. Primary healthcare and obstetric care providers should consider individualized approaches to educate pregnant mothers about the benefits of perineal massage, especially for primigravida mothers.

perineal massage

perineal rupture

primigravida