Background: Residency program, including pediatric residency, has long been considered stressful and for some students, depressing. Many studies have shown that depression or emotional impairment in resident physicians is more common than that in the general population, about 29% and increased with each year of training. Nearly half of the depressed residents seemed unaware of their condition. Knowing the cause and risk of mental health problem during medical training is important for informing efforts to prevent, treat, and identify. Objective: This study aim to analyze factors affecting anxiety and depression among pediatric residents in Dr. Soetomo Hospital, to minimize its effect towards residents mental health. Material and Methods: A cross-sectional study of the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) was performed on pediatric residents in Dr. Soetomo General Hospital. We collected residents demographic data (age, sex, marital status, parental status, number of children, and duration of work experience before residency), as well as Beck Anxiety, Beck Depression, and Likert Scale Questionnaire on how residents feel about their academic burden, non-academic burden, and patients-related duties, were all taken using an online questionnaire. The comparison and correlation of data were analyzed using Mann-Whitney and Spearman tests. The difference will be considered significant if the p-value<0.05, and a strong correlation will be considered if r>0.5. Results: Higher BDI score was found in female residents (37.95 P=0.008), and unmarried residents (41.39 P=0.025). Age was negatively correlated with BAI (R = -0.281 P = 0.021) and also BDI (R = -0.273 P = 0.025). Duration of work experience before residency period was also negatively correlated with BAI (R = -0.334 P = 0.005) and BDI (R = -0.308 P = 0.011). Meanwhile, Likert Scale on how residents feel about their academic burden was positively correlated with BAI (R = 0.26 P=0.033 and BDI (R = 0.257 P = 0.036).  Conclusion: Female and unmarried residents have significantly higher BDI. Age and duration of work experience were negatively correlated with both BAI and BDI. Academic burden was positively correlated with BAI and BDI

anxiety

depression

pediatric resident

academic burden

medical education